Many studies in the United Kingdom, Germany, France and Netherland have focused on the causes of radicalization and extremism, but have neither proposed a long-term solution nor adopted multicultural countering measures. On the issue of alienation, marginalization, fragmentation, and religious ferments, many scholars depend on hypotheses instead of the real concept of prevention. While highlighting motivational factors, their analysis turn around Islam and Islamism and much of the research on the issues of extremism and radicalization has often been policy-oriented and problem-driven.
If we look at the process of radicalization in Britain, we must find this problem is the problem of security and social cohesion. Alienation, poverty and wrong perception of religious way of life have already caused violence and disruption. In Germany, intelligence reports revealed the recent attitude of local Christians towards Muslims together with some violent incidents caused rage and lineation. The social concept of "us" and "them" or "we" and "you" and specifying Muslim as other, left a wide-ranging negative impacts on German society.
In Europe, specifically, in the United Kingdom, several counter terrorism strategies are in operation to handle the complex issues of ethnic and sectarian violence and its transformation into a hate movement, but neither these strategies proved successful nor became popular among intellectual circle. Recent political developments in Middle East and Persian Gulf, poverty and the wave of massive unemployment across the continent cleared the way for extremist groups to recruit more warriors and present them in the field of jihadism.
The persistent harrowing situation, long-held feeling of alienation, inequalities and asymmetries that range from perceived religious and racial inequality to economic asymmetries, is exacerbated slowly within the multicultural European societies. For years, Europeans have been visibly nervous about the real political attitude of Muslim politicians, sectarian groups and individuals, but some intelligence reports confirmed recentlyMuslim and non-Muslim ethnic and sectarian groups and parties understand the only way that can help them to live side by side with their European friends is the policy of coexistence and tolerance.
All these efforts must be based on long-term policy because this is not an easy task for the governments of the continent to manage ethnic and sectarian conflicts in a simple way and it must be born in mind that individuals and sectarian differences do not disappear easily. As we have already experienced in the United Kingdom, Germany and France, there have been episodes of serious anti immigrant violence. The issue of prejudice is more complicated, the issue of extremism is more irksome and the issue of policing communities is ineffective. Criminal gangs still control the streets of France and Britain.
Communities are not fully in contacts with the police and do not want to report their problems either to councils or the police. According to Gareth Jenkins: "In an era of large scale immigration, multiculturalism and globalization-as well as the challenges of devolution and debates over decentralization-there has been a perceived decline in social cohesion and a renewed interest in what it means to be British. The current debates over Brutishness are not completely new; the construction and definition of a national identity has always been complex process-never uniform and always disputed."
Power relations among poor Asian, African and European states are quite understandable. In his recent research paper, Christopher Caldwell understands that: "Poor countries are not without trumps when it comes to immigration. The greatest of these is informational asymmetry.
They know more about Europe than Europeans know about them, and they gain more from mutual contact." In reality, the irony is, sixty percent European citizens have no proper knowledge of their own countries. Migrants are better aware than their European friends. In France and Britain, Migrants educated class contribute in many fields while more than seventy percent Christians do not understand the truemessage of the Holy Bible, do not attend Churches ceremonies and never tried to study Christianity.
Conversely, Muslims in London, Paris and Berlin consider religion as an important part of their lives. They keep in fast, go to mosque and have a good knowledge of Holy Quran. The question is, why Muslims go radicalize, what are the causes of their radicalization and alienated mind and thought?
In my understanding, the causes of their radicalization andalienation are distances from the present system, social attitude, poverty, low educational status, joblessness, housing issues and lake of understanding of other. These problem causes radicalization spreading across Europe within their homegrown extremist elements. In Europe, recent intelligence reports warned that as the Arab-Spring enters a crucial stage, violence and terror attacked cannot be ruled out. The current strategies of the government in Netherlands to prevent extremism are weak and focusing only on disrupting the networks.
France and UK may face harrowing situation. According to the recent report of French intelligence, France is under threat from extremist networks, because of the country's recent hostile policies and law against veil and schools. French citizens are travelling to war zones and take part in civil wars in Africa and Asia, receive training from terrorist and extremist organizations. London and Paris is the centre of majority Muslim extremist groups.
Muslim population in London and Paris is one of the largest of all European cities. Muslims in Netherland suffer from different dimensions of horizontal inequality. They have concerns about their way of life. A year ago, German extremist networks had the representation of two hundred fighters.
In Sweden, intelligence report revealed that there are more extremists who actively support terrorism in other states through various means. As these groups have frequently stated that they will launch a large scale attacks, there is more possibility that these attacks will be carried out by their trained members.
Finally, as recent Norwegian intelligence reports warned that migrants who were born in Europe and brought up here have shown much resentment towards the Christian society.They misunderstood the whole social system in the continent. They feel that they are second class citizens.
Now as the influence of Mosques and radical Imams in all European states is seem to be waning, specifically in the United Kingdom, prisons may remain problem creating places while linguistic and identity issues are no more important. In Europe, young extremist who grew up in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Bosnia, Iraq, Iran, Somalia, Nigeria and Sudan do not feel they are part of society while newly conversed to Islam often participate in Jihad in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Somalia.